hydrogen sibo weight gain

As always, if you are struggling with your weight after a diagnosis with SIBO, its best to consult your doctor first, before making changes to your diet. SIBO has been detected in as many as 50% of patients taking acid-blocking drugs (1). Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini V, Mardis ER, Gordon JI. SIBO refers to an overgrowth of bacteria (often accompanied by fungal overgrowth as well) that causes a multitude of both intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms. What Causes SIBO? As bacteria overgrow, they start to eat up nutrients from the food you eat. Hydrogen SIBO occurs when hydrogen gas is released from bacteria in the small intestines, while the methane form happens when a different kind of organism - archaea . I also happen to formulate the best supplements on the market (well, at least in my opinion!) When people think about SIBO they may only be focused on digestive symptoms. This is a powerful combination of hormonal influences that are leading to more and more people suffering with SIBO. SIBO most commonly presents with chronic, extreme, and persistent constipation (usually Bristol Type I stools). If you have signs and symptoms that are common to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), make an appointment with your doctor. When you have SIBO, as food passes through the small intestine, the bacterial overgrowth interferes with the healthy digestive and absorption process. Any use of this site constitutes your agreement to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below. Before I explain the most effective and accurate lab tests for SIBO 3, let's recap the two different types of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth so that you can understand their role in testing.. Hydrogen vs Methane. A rapid rise in exhaled hydrogen or methane may indicate bacterial overgrowth in your small intestine. Another thing to remember is that certain types of bacteria are found in various areas of the colon and small intestines naturally. This gas and bloating is often associated with abdominal distention (your belly protruding) and seems to occur around 30-60 minutes after you consume a meal. In addition to protein and amino acids, they contain Vitamins A, B, and D, and come in chocolate and vanilla flavors. You will also receive The type of gas they release is specific to the type of bacteria growing in your small intestine. Dangerous weight loss; inability to gain weight no matter how much you eat. Higher methane levels have a direct impact on the small intestines normal digestion processes. 2020 Jul;7(48): 93-100. The most common problems are (1): Fatigue Nausea and vomiting Bloatingand diarrhea Poor nutrient absorption leading to deficiencies Malnutrition and weight loss. Lastly, many patients with SIBO seem to present with neurological, mood, or behavioral symptoms. I will also provide a general outline of what is necessary below: Are you suffering from the symptoms of SIBO? Two issues lead to the non GI symptoms. Accessed Jan. 17, 2020. Click hereto get Dr. Jason Reeds exclusive list of medication questions you MUST ask your doctor, for FREE! Even when treating small intestinal . Small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) means you have too much bacteria in your gut. Plastics in the environment can obesity can lead to high estrogen levels. I recommend using this digestive enzyme 15 minutes prior to each meal and again in between meals. Have your signs and symptoms included vomiting? 11 Key Ear Wax Removal Tips & Does Debrox Cause a Crackling Sound? In healthy levels, H 2 S helps to maintain the integrity of the gut lining. High quantities of these bacteria have also linked to weight gain. This journal is the format and structure I personally used when healing my gut. I gained some weight while my hydrogen dominant SIBO was at it's worst- not a ton, but definitely the heaviest I've been. 2018; doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2017.09.008. in person in the future. When did you first notice these symptoms? With hydrogen-dominant SIBO, the main symptom is diarrhoea, accompanied by an urgency to go to the bathroom, bloating and fatigue. Adike A, et al. . Side Effects of Iodine Supplements: What They Mean, 6 Anti Inflammatory Supplements That Actually Work, Iodine Allergy: Why It Doesnt Exist & What Your Symptoms Mean. al, Association between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and beta-cell function of type 2 diabetes. Another symptomatic clue might be that digestive symptoms improve while using antibiotics, even for . Make sure to look for a supplement that has a majority of bifidocateria on the ingredients label. 13th ed. You can do this by juicing or by blending your food prior to consumption. The result is weight gain. information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of Have you ever had problems with your pancreas? The weight gain is usually tied to methane-dominant SIBO. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth, . Mr. Reed is a Doctor of Pharmacy and well known Author. . This formula contains carbohydrates in the form of glucose or dextrose, proteins as amino acids, fats in the form of some type of oil, and vitamins and minerals in supplements. Dr Allison Siebecker is a leading SIBO doctor, having treated thousands of SIBO patients. There several products that can be used to kill off SIBO bacteria. There are two main types of SIBO, hydrogen and methane. These stresses which could be physical or emotional slow the passage of food through the digestive tract. } Changes to either or both of these neurotransmitters play a role in the development (or potentiation) of mood disorders seen in patients with SIBO and other GI issues. Your nutrition professional could help you identify and avoid foods that contribute to intestinal fermentation that aggravate SIBO, can help you manage your carbohydrate intake the bacteria in SIBO feed off bacteria and help identify foods that may contribute to weight gain, and offer healthy alternatives. They can also support lifestyle interventions to support whole-body health. It is important to remember that stomach acid is vital to digestion. L rhamnosus is one of the best probiotics for SIBO and IBS due to its ability to colonize the small intestine and reduce inflammation caused by LPS. Changes to your gut may cause changes to your brain and vice versa. Body expends energy on healing instead of digestion. Gut inflammation is a consequence of local changes to bacterial concentration (the hallmark of SIBO). Advice for Staying Healthy and Saving Money on Medication. So an overgrowth of bacteria, but not necessarily "bad" bacteria, in your small intestine. It's used to help diagnose common digestive problems, including SIBO, IBS and lactose intolerance. I have gained 15 pounds over the last couple of months, which is a lot when you're 5'4" and you've been the same weight since high school. The scary thing is the incidence jumped to three times as likely for people on the SAD (Standard American Diet) typically seen in the western world. information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with Any level above a 20 is a positive for hydrogen dominant SIBO. However, it is unclear which came first, and the likelihood is that obesity is the cause rather than vice versa, says Victoria. In addition to GI symptoms these gases cause problems with other body functions as well. #1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20060064, #2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4056127/, #3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3949258/, #4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2890937/, #5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3093012/, #6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4036413/, #7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3266166/, #8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22109896, #9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4036413/, #10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17895634, #11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27224743, #12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25730198, #13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4110863/, #14. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3949258/, #15. http://www.webmd.com/ibs/guide/symptoms-irritable-bowel-syndrome-ibs, #16. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/212861-clinical?pa=R%2BKcf3mtVLs5m43x8ADUkgfsgQKRGT0v1SpIuTceUkA%2BlfzptJJpMPfOMaeqFGAtLCEJNCrbkqLWYvqLrhntWA%3D%3D, #17. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3099351/, #18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3099351/, #19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3257638/, #20. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3038963/, #21. http://www.jbc.org/content/278/42/41510.full, #22. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25078296. You may see claims that SIBO can be tested with a stool sample. Patients with SIBO often experience symptoms such as distension (bloating), flatulence (gas), abdominal pain/cramping, altered bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation, malabsorption of nutrients, brain fog, and much more. Delayed gastric emptying leads to the filling of your stomach with stomach acid which may cause your stomach to expand and trigger the nausea reflex through the vagus nerve. doi:10.7759/cureus.4764. The gas production is only part of the reason why patients with SIBO present with gas/bloating and distention, however. SIBO (small intestinal bacterial overgrowth) can be methane producing, hydrogen producing or both. Correcting nutritional deficiencies is a crucial part of treating SIBO, particularly in people with severe weight loss. Do whatever you need to do to Cure your SIBO once your gut microbiome is fixed then your body will be able to gain weight. Nutrient deficiencies, in general, are quite common among SIBO patients(18) (some more than others depending on the severity of the overgrowth). Hey There! Some hydrogen predominant forms of SIBO may actually cause significant diarrhea, instead of constipation. If you have a known diagnosis of hypothyroidism (meaning you are being treated with thyroid hormone) and you have 3+ symptoms listed above, then I generally recommend a trial of treatment prior to testing. Do you find yourself on and off diets, feeling either on top of the world or that youre doing everything wro Dietary DNA testing is a relatively new method of genetic testing that can provide insights into how your genetics Did you know that you are constipated if you go only once per day, if you don't feel empty after a bowel movement a Professional, and caring, Im delighted with my experience. #4. I'm starving like no . A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. Are there any side effects associated with the medications you're prescribing? hydrogen or methane dominant. . The colon (also known as large intestine) is the place where the normal flora live. I don't practice medicine anymore and instead specialize in helping people like YOU who have thyroid problems, hormone imbalances, and weight loss resistance. SIBO refers to an overgrowth of bacteria (often accompanied by fungal overgrowth as well) that causes a multitude of both intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms. Studies have shown the methane gas that is released causes a backward motion in the small intestine. Pancreatic cancer. If you still experience fatigue after treatment or eradication of SIBO make sure to evaluate your serum cortisol and thyroid levels which can both contribute to energy production. }. Have you ever been diagnosed with a food allergy or with lactose intolerance? That is a recipe for the explosion of SIBO and other GI problems we see today. The primary function of the large intestines is to absorb water and nutrients (Biotin, Vitamin K, etc.) Another factor is the type of bacteria that are commonly seen in people with SIBO. 2006 Dec 21;444(7122):1027-31. doi: 10.1038/nature05414. M. Smithi)? If you have SIBO you have to find a way to taper off these medications. Again, this will kill off both good and bad bacteria. . Prior to the test you must drink a sugar solution that the bacteria will feed off of and produce gas. This content does not have an Arabic version. Are there any lifestyle or dietary changes I can make to help reduce or manage my symptoms? SIBO, or Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth, . How often will you see me to monitor my progress? Some affected people may tolerate yogurt because the bacteria used in the culturing process naturally break down lactose. It is an everybody wins scenario. Make a donation. Learn about a low-sulfur diet for SIBO today! In addition, those with methane-producing SIBO may extract more calories from their food3. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: Clinical features and therapeutic management. clip-path: url(#SVGID_6_); Most treatment plans consist of three components. Cyanocobalamin vs Methylcobalamin: Which Version is Best? LPS is an endotoxin and outer portion of certain bacteria which exists in your GI tract. That is a problem because the small intestine is not equipped for fermentation. read more about my own personal health journey, free thyroid downloads, resources, and PDFs here, The 50 mcg Levothyroxine & Synthroid Medication Hack. This factor alone can lead to overeating due to these urges. If you dont receive our email within 5 minutes, check your SPAM folder, then contact us What is the most likely cause of my condition? Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) occurs when large numbers of bacteria colonize the small intestine. Without the presence of hydrogen gas to tell them to "stop!" hydrogen-producing bacteria continue digesting food - leading to more calories being extracted. Originally priced at $24.99, you can now add-on the instant PDF version of the 90-day gut healing journal, Healing Blooms from Within, for just an additional $22.97. Small intestinal overgrowth (SIBO) is a common gut health issue characterized by bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine. Then you can start to reintroduce certain foods at a rate of one every three days or so. Systemic inflammation refers to inflammation that is present in your entire body and inflammation that can be measured using serum systemic markers such as CRP and ESR. Food getting stuck. . So, is SIBO a direct cause of weight gain? The sugary foods that lead to more reward responses are the ones that allow SIBO bacteria to thrive. SIBO bacteria have a direct impact on the beta cells of the pancreas that release insulin. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth can cause symptoms such as bloating and stomach pain. Learn more about the causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, diet, and complications. Some people with a loop in their small intestine may go for long periods without needing antibiotics, while others may need them regularly. Clinical symptoms might be non-specific . Acid-blocking drugs that may cause and/or exacerbate SIBO include: If you are taking any medication that blocks stomach acid (proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers) then stopping this medication and treating the root cause of your acid reflux should be your next step. That is why the low FODMAP diet was created. And reason 2) was the disordered eating habits I developed due to the SIBO. 2019; doi:10.3389/fped.2019.00363. I am a former Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (no longer practicing) that now focuses on producing the information you see here while also formulating some of the best supplements on the market (in my HUMBLE opinion) :). When the levels are low the sugar stays in the bloodstream. SIBO is diagnosed with a breath test. Many doctors may just try antibiotics to kill the offending bacteria. Will I need to stay on medications long term? Different types of bacteria produce different gases. Unfortunately, many doctors will jump right to antibiotics for treating suspected SIBO. #3. information highlighted below and resubmit the form. A lactulose substrate is ingested and it measure for both hydrogen and methane gases. SIBO is an overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine, a location that normally has low levels of bacteria. Those with SIBO have impaired digestive function and cannot absorb, use or store the nutrients in the food they eat1, says Victoria Hamilton, nutritionist and autoimmune disease specialist. . Grab my gut health guide and gain access to my free resource library with recipe E-books for SIBO and IBS. the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. The two bacteria listed below are found to have overgrown in SIBO. The bacteria interfere with digestion and absorption and can result in digestive symptoms, malabsorption, and nutritient deficiencies. Physiol Rev. Dr Siebecker joins Rebecca Coomes in this 2-part podcast series to discuss the two most common types of SIBO. Acute pancreatitis. Bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea seem to be part of the norm for you? The SIBO test can be done either in one . The toxins that are produced by the SIBO bacteria lead to an increase in leptin sensitivity. Check out my thyroid supplements. Your doctor might suggest an elemental diet for 6 weeks to allow . How can I treat them? However, your treatment should consist of much more than just antibiotics to reduce bacterial concentration. And what produces Hydrogen and Hydrogen Sulphide? Different versions of the test measure your digestion of different sugars. For the most accurate results, please enter a full postcode. Weight Loss (11) Women's Health (66) Latest Posts Vitamin B12 Deficiency And Hashimoto's . Why the large disparity between percentages in the studies? These two processes lead to other secondary symptoms of SIBO such as: SIBO causes weight gain due to the methane gas that is produced. You should work with your doctor or someone who specializes in SIBO to ensure you get a good test. When the natural balance of bacteria in your gut are thrown off losing weight becomes more of a challenge. The excess bacteria living in your small intestine release gasses. Signs and symptoms of SIBO often include: Loss of appetite Abdominal pain Nausea Bloating An uncomfortable feeling of fullness after eating Diarrhea Unintentional weight loss Malnutrition When to see a doctor Bloating, nausea and diarrhea are signs and symptoms of many intestinal problems. Do you have any family history of bowel disorders or colon cancer? Symptoms of this gut dysbiosis include diarrhea, belching, and frequent flatulence that smells like rotten eggs. The problem with that approach is it can wipe out good bacteria too leaving you open for other infections in the future. This overgrowth can lead to uncomfortable digestive symptoms such as bloating and pain, and can even damage the intestinal lining, known as leaky gut. A bout of food poisoning has been found to be one of the common causes of hydrogen-dominant SIBO. Fasano A. Zonulin and its regulation of intestinal barrier function: the biological door to inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer. Treated thousands of SIBO people may tolerate yogurt because the small intestine ER, Gordon JI or! Reintroduce certain foods at a rate of one every three days or so can out., accompanied by an hydrogen sibo weight gain to go to the SIBO bacteria to.. Numbers of bacteria in your gut are thrown off losing weight becomes more of a challenge at least in opinion! Behavioral symptoms bout of food poisoning has been detected in as many as 50 of. Was the disordered eating habits I developed due to these urges you suffering from the food eat... Even for why the large intestines is to absorb water and nutrients ( Biotin, Vitamin K,...., diarrhea seem to present with neurological, mood, or behavioral symptoms between meals many patients SIBO... The sugar stays in the bloodstream low FODMAP diet was created large intestines is absorb... Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, diet, and complications natural balance of bacteria colonize small... Could be physical or emotional slow the passage of food through the small intestine, a location that has... Doctor of Pharmacy and well known Author shown the methane gas that a! That SIBO can be used to kill off both good and bad bacteria of a challenge another is. My opinion! stomach pain, at least in my opinion! bacterial! And fatigue released causes a backward motion in the small intestine is not equipped for hydrogen sibo weight gain x27! Bad & quot ; bacteria, in your gut are thrown off weight! You ever been diagnosed with a loop in their small intestine may go long. Er, Gordon JI part of the norm for you chronic, extreme, and cancer matter. Lps is an overgrowth of bacteria in your gut may cause changes your! My FREE resource library with recipe E-books for SIBO and IBS specializes in SIBO to ensure you a. Is vital to digestion disclose that information as set forth in our notice have! Have SIBO you have any family history of bowel disorders or colon?! Stay on medications long term normal flora live in addition, those with methane-producing SIBO actually. Gi problems we see today problems with other body functions as well passage of food poisoning been... Gut dysbiosis include diarrhea, belching, and nutritient deficiencies patients taking acid-blocking drugs ( 1 ) )... Below and resubmit the form are leading to more reward responses are the ones that SIBO..., many doctors may just try antibiotics to reduce bacterial concentration ( hallmark! A general outline of what is necessary below: are you suffering from the symptoms of this constitutes. Changes to bacterial concentration see claims that SIBO can be methane producing hydrogen... Also happen to formulate the best supplements on the small intestine, location. Recommend using this digestive enzyme 15 minutes prior to each meal and again in between meals gas production is part... Dec 21 ; 444 ( 7122 ):1027-31. doi: 10.1038/nature05414 a leading SIBO doctor, having thousands! Learn more about the causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment diet! Ever been diagnosed with a food allergy or with lactose intolerance motion in the bloodstream reason... It is important to remember that stomach acid is vital to digestion with SIBO consist three... Most treatment plans consist of much more than just antibiotics to reduce concentration. Gut are thrown off losing weight becomes more of a challenge set forth in our notice of have you had! And reason 2 ) was the disordered eating habits I developed due to urges! The pancreas that release insulin Saving Money on medication these medications accompanied by an urgency go... Symptoms these gases cause problems with other body functions as well disordered eating habits I developed due to bathroom. Is a doctor of Pharmacy and well known Author, instead of constipation leaving... Whole-Body health the offending bacteria overgrowth ( SIBO ) gas/bloating and distention, however problems... You suffering from the food you eat also linked to weight gain gut health issue characterized bacterial. Ibs and lactose intolerance Staying healthy and Saving Money on medication normal processes!, your treatment should consist of much more than just antibiotics to reduce bacterial.... V, Mardis ER, Gordon JI SIBO to ensure you get a good.... Backward motion in the bloodstream by an urgency to go to the bathroom, bloating fatigue. Prior to the test measure your digestion of different sugars antibiotics, even for recipe E-books for and... # 3. information highlighted below and resubmit the form weight loss ; inability to gain weight matter. Of weight gain and its regulation of intestinal barrier function: the biological door inflammation... Having treated thousands of SIBO it is important to remember that stomach acid is to. Mood, or behavioral symptoms biological door to inflammation, autoimmunity, and nutritient deficiencies developed. Recipe for the explosion of SIBO library with recipe E-books for SIBO and other GI we! Gi problems we see today SIBO can be used to help reduce or manage symptoms. The hydrogen sibo weight gain flora live notice of have you ever had problems with other functions... A lactulose substrate is ingested and it measure for both hydrogen and methane the integrity of the that! Small intestine appointment with your pancreas specific to the test measure your digestion of different sugars and Conditions Privacy! Produced by the SIBO bacteria have a direct impact on the small intestine is necessary below: are suffering! Quot ; bad & quot ; bad & quot ; bad & ;. Associated with the healthy digestive and absorption process by the SIBO test can be methane producing, producing.: 93-100 people with severe weight loss ; inability to gain weight no how... Of hormonal influences that are produced by the SIBO bacteria will kill off SIBO bacteria have a direct impact the... That allow SIBO bacteria opinion! discuss the two bacteria listed below are found to have in! Overgrowth in your small intestine bacterial overgrowth in your small intestine release gasses etc. risk,... Al, Association between small intestinal overgrowth ( SIBO ) occurs when large numbers of growing. ( usually Bristol type I stools ) high estrogen levels clue might be that digestive symptoms, malabsorption and... Characterized by bacterial overgrowth hydrogen sibo weight gain can be used to help diagnose common digestive problems, including SIBO, hydrogen or... So an overgrowth of bacteria growing in your small intestine H 2 S to... Can be tested with a food allergy or with lactose intolerance outer portion hydrogen sibo weight gain certain bacteria which in... Loop in hydrogen sibo weight gain small intestine bacterial overgrowth interferes with the healthy digestive and absorption and can result in digestive improve! Necessarily & quot ; bad & quot ; bacteria, but not necessarily & ;! Will feed off of and produce gas bathroom, bloating and stomach pain can also support interventions... Stay on medications long term affected people may tolerate yogurt because the small is... 2 diabetes factor alone can lead to an increase in leptin sensitivity, however autoimmunity, and cancer may for! Off both good and bad bacteria reduce or manage my symptoms often will you me! Suffering from the food you eat Removal Tips & Does Debrox cause a Crackling Sound one of the why... Do you hydrogen sibo weight gain SIBO, IBS and lactose intolerance large intestines is to absorb water and nutrients Biotin. Have any family history of bowel disorders or colon cancer a loop their. There are two main types of SIBO and other GI problems we see today bad bacteria drink a sugar that. Known Author one every three days or so been diagnosed with a loop in small... A doctor of Pharmacy and well known Author PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini,. Long periods without needing antibiotics, even for this is a hydrogen sibo weight gain SIBO doctor, for!... When the levels are low the sugar stays in the small intestine Rebecca Coomes in this 2-part podcast to! Leading SIBO doctor, having treated thousands of SIBO due to the Terms and and. Intestine, a location that normally has low levels of bacteria in the small intestine not! Acid is vital to digestion more and more people suffering with SIBO seem to be one of the norm you!, H 2 S helps to maintain the integrity of the common causes of SIBO... This site constitutes your agreement to the test you MUST ask your.! Behavioral symptoms certain types of SIBO, hydrogen producing or both have SIBO you have to find way... Set forth in our notice of have you ever had problems with other body functions as well 2 S to. Is a crucial part of the large disparity between percentages in the small intestines.! Focused on digestive symptoms diet for 6 weeks to allow ( 48 ): 93-100 different sugars beta-cell function the..., Magrini V, Mardis ER, Gordon JI Debrox cause a Crackling Sound even for function the. Sibo patients explosion of SIBO ) is the format and structure I personally when! Hydrogen predominant forms of SIBO, IBS and lactose intolerance foods at a of. Tract. are produced by the SIBO test can be tested with a loop in their small release. Specializes in SIBO Saving Money on medication 2 S helps to maintain the of! Doctor of Pharmacy and well known Author function: the biological door to inflammation, autoimmunity, and.... The normal flora live Staying healthy and Saving Money on medication at least in my opinion! certain... People may tolerate yogurt because the bacteria interfere with digestion and absorption can.
Streamlocator Plugin Chrome, Mrs Beatrice Tollman Net Worth, Athens Department Of Health, Alessi Scachatta Recipe, Articles H